Cylinder manufacturing comprises the following phases :

The Seamless Tubes are cut to appropriate length. One end is heated to the ideal temperature range in the induction furnace for end dome forming operation which is achieved in the hot spinning machine by Computerized Numerical Control (CNC). The CNC guides the manufacturing process in conjunction with an optical pyrometer that ensures precise temperature control to guarantee the finest grain structure and perfect grain flow for maximum strength. The dome formed end, after due inspection, is shaped to concave in hydraulic press, if required. The other open end is heated in the induction furnace and neck forming carried out in the CNC spinning machine as per design. The formed cylinders are heat-treated in continuous walking beam furnace featuring a precision temperature control. Quenching in oil or polymer with subsequent tempering according to application and requisite material properties hardens the cylinders. The neck threading is carried out to close tolerances on high performance CNC Turning Centers. The reference data of heat treatment is thoroughly documented by time temperature graphs. Metallurgical properties are verified by means of examination and analysis. As for the mechanical properties they are verified by means of destructive as well as non-destructive testing. The cylinders undergo hydrostatic testing and pneumatic leakage testing as per standards. The approved cylinders after the test are shot blasted, stamp marked, finished and painted with requisite colors. After statutory inspection and approval, the cylinders are ready for dispatch to customers/users.